Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)

Detailed Explanation:

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) refers to methods of communication that supplement or replace spoken language. These can include tools like communication boards, picture cards, or speech-generating devices, as well as non-verbal methods like gestures and sign language. AAC is often used by individuals who have difficulty with verbal communication due to conditions such as autism, cerebral palsy, or stroke.

How AAC Works

AAC includes any tool or strategy that supports communication when speech alone is not enough. It is usually grouped into two broad categories. Unaided AAC uses only the body, such as gestures, facial expressions, sign language, or pointing. Aided AAC uses something outside the body, which can range from low-tech options like picture boards, symbols, and printed letter boards to high-tech options like tablets and dedicated speech-generating devices that speak words aloud.

Who Uses AAC

AAC supports people of all ages, from young children who are not yet talking to adults who lose speech later in life. It is used with conditions such as autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, ALS, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and other conditions that affect speech or language. For some people, AAC is temporary, such as during recovery from surgery or injury. For others, it is a long-term or lifelong way to communicate.

A Common Myth

One of the most common worries is that using AAC will stop someone from learning to talk. Research does not support this. For many people, AAC can support language development and may also support spoken language rather than prevent it, while giving the person another reliable way to communicate.

Getting Started With AAC

A speech-language pathologist can evaluate which AAC tools and strategies fit a person’s abilities, needs, preferences, and daily life. The goal is not just to hand someone a device, but to build a system the person can use to say what they want, to whom they want, whenever they want.

Examples of Augmentative and Alternative Communication:

• A non-verbal child with autism may use a tablet with picture symbols to communicate their needs.

• A stroke survivor might use an eye-gaze communication board to indicate yes or no responses.

• Sign language is considered an AAC method for individuals unable to speak.

Related Terms:

• Nonverbal Communication

• Speech Generating Device

• Receptive Language Disorder

• Expressive Language Therapy

Frequently Asked Questions About Augmentative and Alternative Communication:

1. What is AAC?
   AAC stands for augmentative and alternative communication, which includes methods of communication that replace or supplement spoken language.

2. Who can benefit from AAC?
   Individuals with conditions like autism, cerebral palsy, or stroke who have difficulty with verbal communication can benefit from AAC.

3. Is AAC only for children?
   No, AAC can be used by people of all ages who need assistance with communication.

4. What are some examples of AAC tools?
   Examples include communication boards, picture cards, speech-generating devices, and sign language.

5. Is AAC a temporary solution?
   AAC can be both temporary or long-term, depending on the individual's needs and progress in speech therapy.